海上稠油注采井井下工具腐蚀分析

于晓涛; 冯佳琦; 刘志龙; 辛野; 孙君; 吴婷

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.017

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装备环境工程 ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (5) : 148-155. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.017

重大工程装备

海上稠油注采井井下工具腐蚀分析

于晓涛¹, 冯佳琦², 刘志龙¹, 辛野¹, 孙君¹, 吴婷¹

作者信息 +

Corrosion Investigation of Downhole Tools in Offshore Heavy Oil Injection-production Wells

YU Xiaotao¹, FENG Jiaqi², LIU Zhilong¹, XIN Ye¹, SUN Jun¹, WU Ting¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的研究稠油热采工况下井下工具用钢42CrMo与镍基合金液控管线的腐蚀失效机理,并探讨其腐蚀防治措施。方法采用XRD、SEM-EDS等表征方法,研究42CrMo钢与镍基合金液控管线在稠油热采环境下的腐蚀行为,并通过渗氮、涂层等表面改性方法进行模拟验证。结果 O₂的强氧化性和阴极的吸氧反应加速了42CrMo工具的溶解,形成了疏松多孔结构的FeOOH,无法充分保护基体,并且阻碍了致密FeCO₃的形成,导致腐蚀速率增大,在铁氧化物覆盖不均处形成闭塞电池,闭塞电池的自催化酸化作用进一步加剧了腐蚀。对42CrMo进行渗氮处理后,腐蚀速率有显著下降。液控管线在覆盖有垢的位置,受高温以及腐蚀性介质（O₂+H₂S）的作用,先破坏了氧化铬钝化膜,然后在应力集中处受拉应力作用,萌生了应力腐蚀微裂纹,其在热应力和振动应力等交变载荷共同作用下发生疲劳扩展,最终呈现为脆性开裂特征。结论为提升稠油热采井下工具的耐腐蚀性能,建议对42CrMo钢采用电镀或涂层等表面防护技术开展进一步研究。对镍基合金液控管线,建议采用纳米涂层进行防护,以延缓腐蚀开裂。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the corrosion failure mechanisms of downhole tool steel 42CrMo and nickel-based alloy hydraulic control pipelines under heavy oil thermal recovery conditions, to propose corresponding corrosion prevention measures. The corrosion behavior of 42CrMo steel and nickel-based alloy hydraulic control pipelines in a heavy oil thermal recovery environment was analyzed with characterization techniques such as XRD and SEM-EDS. Simulation validation experiments were conducted through surface modification methods, including nitriding and coating. The strong oxidizing nature of O₂, combined with the cathodic oxygen reduction reaction, accelerated the dissolution of 42CrMo. A porous and poorly adherent FeOOH layer formed on the surface provided insufficient protection and inhibited the formation of a compact and protective FeCO₃ film, which consequently elevates the corrosion susceptibility of the substrate. Non-uniform iron-oxide coverage promoted the formation of occluded corrosion cells, followed by autocatalytic acidification which accelerated localized corrosion. Nitriding treatment significantly reduced the corrosion rate of 42CrMo. For nickel-based alloy hydraulic control lines, the Cr₂O₃ passive film was initially compromised under high temperature and corrosive media (O₂+H₂S) at scaled locations. Stress corrosion micro-cracks subsequently nucleated at stress-concentration zones under tensile loading. These cracks propagated via fatigue under the combined action of cyclic thermal and vibrational stresses, ultimately led to brittle fracture. To enhance the corrosion resistance of downhole tools in heavy oil thermal recovery operations, it is recommended to further investigate electroplating or coating surface protection technologies for 42CrMo steel. For nickel-based alloy hydraulic control pipelines, it is recommended to delay corrosion cracking by applying nano-coatings.

导出引用

于晓涛, 冯佳琦, 刘志龙, 辛野, 孙君, 吴婷. 海上稠油注采井井下工具腐蚀分析[J]. 装备环境工程. 2026, 23(5): 148-155 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.017

YU Xiaotao, FENG Jiaqi, LIU Zhilong, XIN Ye, SUN Jun, WU Ting. Corrosion Investigation of Downhole Tools in Offshore Heavy Oil Injection-production Wells[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(5): 148-155 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2026.05.017

中图分类号： TE982

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